Regular exercise is widely recognized for its numerous benefits, including its ability to reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine has shed light on the positive effects of exercise specifically for cancer patients. This research reveals that participating in a structured exercise program can lead to improved outcomes for individuals battling cancer, particularly in terms of survival rates and recurrence of the disease.
The study involved nearly 900 patients from 55 cancer centers across six countries, focusing on those who had undergone treatment for either stage III or high-risk stage II colon cancer. Despite advancements in treatment, colon cancer recurrence occurs in an estimated 30% of patients after surgery and chemotherapy, according to the American Society of Clinical Oncology. The patients were divided into two groups: a control group that received standard health education and a structured exercise group that engaged in a tailored exercise program with guidance from health coaches.
Over the initial six months, participants in the structured exercise group attended bi-monthly coaching sessions, which transitioned to once a month thereafter. This program resulted in significant improvements in physical fitness, as measured by walking distance in six minutes and predicted VO2 max, both critical indicators of cardiovascular health. Throughout the average follow-up period of eight years, 131 patients in the control group experienced cancer recurrence compared to only 93 in the exercise group. Additionally, the control group saw 66 fatalities, while the structured exercise group recorded just 41 deaths. Overall, those in the exercise group had a 28% lower risk of developing recurring or new cancers and a 37% lower risk of death during the study period.
Dr. Leana Wen, a CNN wellness expert and adjunct associate professor at George Washington University, emphasizes the significance of these findings. She notes that if a new drug were to demonstrate such impressive results, it would be hailed as a breakthrough in cancer treatment. This study underscores the necessity of incorporating structured exercise into the post-treatment care of cancer patients. Currently, while patients receive general advice to exercise after treatment, many do not seek professional guidance or have their physical activity monitored by healthcare providers. Dr. Wen advocates for the concept of an “exercise prescription” to ensure patients are actively engaging in physical activity as part of their recovery.
Dr. Wen explains that population studies have consistently shown a link between regular physical activity and lower cancer risks. Several theories exist regarding this correlation. One major factor is that exercise helps individuals maintain a healthy weight, which is crucial since obesity is a known risk factor for several types of cancer. Additionally, physical activity is believed to help regulate hormones associated with cancer development and reduce inflammation that may contribute to cancer progression.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that adults engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate to high-intensity exercise each week. This can be broken down into manageable sessions, such as 30 minutes of brisk walking or cycling, five times a week. It’s important to note that these exercise minutes can be cumulative; individuals don’t have to complete them all in one go. For those who struggle to find time for structured workouts, incorporating physical activity into daily routines can be beneficial. Simple changes, like taking the stairs instead of the elevator, walking during phone meetings, or parking farther away can accumulate to significant health benefits.
For those looking to begin an exercise program, Dr. Wen advises that even small amounts of activity can yield significant health benefits. She encourages individuals to embrace the idea that “the perfect is the enemy of the good.” Starting with manageable goals is key. For example, “exercise snacks,” or short bursts of activity lasting 15 to 30 seconds, can be effective. These could include quick sets of squats or household chores. Movement is especially important for those who work at desks and need to counteract the health risks associated with prolonged sitting.
In conclusion, the integration of structured exercise programs into the recovery process for cancer patients represents a promising approach to enhancing survival rates and reducing the risk of recurrence. As ongoing research continues to unfold, it is crucial for healthcare providers to prioritize physical activity as a vital component of holistic cancer treatment.
