A significant international study involving nearly 300,000 children has uncovered a profound two-way relationship between the duration of screen time and children's emotional and social well-being. The research indicates that children who are exposed to excessive screen time through devices such as TVs, tablets, computers, and gaming consoles face an increased risk of developing issues such as aggression, anxiety, and low self-esteem as they grow older. Conversely, children who are already experiencing social or emotional difficulties tend to engage more with screens.
According to the study, published in the academic journal Psychological Bulletin, there is a notable correlation between the time spent on gaming consoles and the development of behavioral problems. Dr. Michael Noetel, a co-author of the study and an associate professor of psychology at The University of Queensland, Australia, explained to ABC News that while the study did not focus on specific games, it is reasonable to assume that a majority of the games evaluated were console, computer, or mobile games. This broad categorization highlights the impact of gaming on children's mental health.
When questioned about whether violent video games contribute to behavioral issues, Noetel clarified that the evidence wasn't definitive. He noted that while some studies differentiate games based on their violent content, many parents are already aware of the need to limit exposure to violent materials for children under 10. The study found that gaming in general is more closely linked to emotional problems compared to other screen activities like watching television or using educational apps.
This research stands out as one of the largest investigations into screen time effects, analyzing 117 long-term studies conducted from 1972 to 2024. By concentrating on children aged 10 and younger and monitoring them over time, the researchers were able to more clearly establish cause and effect relationships regarding screen time and emotional health.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children aged 2 to 5 limit their recreational screen time to one hour per day on weekdays and three hours on weekends. The findings suggest that children exceeding these guidelines were more susceptible to socioemotional issues than those who adhered to the recommended limits. Alarmingly, Dr. Tara Narula, ABC News chief medical correspondent, reported that over 40% of children aged 8 to 12 are spending more than four hours per day on screens.
As we witness increasing rates of mental health disorders among children—half of which begin before the age of 14—it becomes essential to comprehend the impact of screens on young minds. The study's authors emphasize that the goal is not to completely eliminate screen time but to encourage moderation. Engaging in reasonable amounts of screen time, particularly for educational purposes, poses a lower risk for future social or emotional difficulties.
Children should be guided to avoid relying on screens as their primary means of managing emotions and should be encouraged to foster connections with friends and family to build resilience and emotional skills. The study also underscores the importance of ensuring that screen time does not interfere with fundamental needs such as a full night's sleep and regular physical activity.
While it is common for parents to allow screens to occupy their children's time, it is crucial to establish clear limits. Dr. Narula, who was not involved in the study, suggests that parents can set these boundaries in a noncontrolling manner. She emphasizes the importance of saying no and maintaining consistent limits to foster healthier screen habits among children.
In conclusion, managing children's screen time effectively is vital for promoting their emotional and social well-being. By focusing on moderation and encouraging direct social interactions, parents can help mitigate the risks associated with excessive screen use.
